James dunnachie



(No Model.)

J. DUNNACHIE.

BRICK KILN.

WLfnesses.

Invenr w: Norms firms co., vmwmwm. wnsumsruu, n, c.

`tJNTTEo STATES PATENT EEicE.

JAMES DUNNACHIE, OF GLENBOIG, SCOTLAND.

- BRICK-KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 462,036, dated October 27, 1891.

Application filed November 4;, 1890. Serial- .No. 370,308. (No modell) T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES DUNNACHIE, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and a resident of Glenboig, in the county of Lanark, Scotland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Kilns for Firing Fire-Bricks, Earthenware, and the Like, of which the following is a specitication.

My said invention relates to kilns ofthe kind described in my patent specification, No. 268,771, dated December 5, 1882; and my present object is toimprove the operation of such kilns by supplementing the supply of heat at a particular stage of the actions, so as to rapidly drive off moisture from the bricks or other articles prior to the application of the strongest heat.

In the arrangement of kilns to which my present improvements are to be applied a number of chambers or kilns are combined in such manner that the successive stages of heating, tiring, and cooling are passed through by each in rotation. The tiringis effected by the combustion of producengas, or other suitable gas, in one chamber, and the hot gases after acting in that chamber pass through ports or iiues into the next chamber, and thence through one or more other chambers, so as to utilize their gradually-diminishing heat in heating to different degrees the articles in the several chambers. On the tiring having continued long enough in one chainber the combustible gas is shut off from that chamber and admitted to the next one in order. Air is admitted into the chamber containing the already-tired articles, and while cooling them is itself thereby heated, and this heated air, being led through iiues or ports into the next chamber, supplies what is required for the combustion of the gas, at the same time utilizing the heat it has taken up. The flues or passages communicating-between the several chambers and those through which the gas is supplied are made with numerous small ports, so that the gases areequally distributed over the chambers and uniform action is thereby secured.

By my present invention I provide for introducing into each chamber during whatever stage of the operations may be thoughtbest a number of comparatively small jets of gas for rapidly driving off moisture from the bricks or other articles in the chamber, these jets issuing through oriiices suitably distributed in the floor ot' the chamber and communicating with one or more special supply-f1 ues beneath.

In order that my said invention and the manner of performing the same may be prop- 6o erly understood, I hereunto append a sheet of explanatory drawings, to be hereinafter referred to, and showing the application of my improvements.

Figures l and 2 of the drawings are respectively a vertical section and a horizontal section showing a portion of the series of chambers or kilns A A2 A3 A4, composing a set or system of kilns for tiring fire-bricks, earthenware, and the like. If we suppose a charge of bricks to have been just fired in chamber A', air admitted into that chamber and taking up heat will pass through ports B down into a flue C', thence through ports into a flue D, and up through ports the passage through Which is controlled by damperslabs into an upper iiue E. From the flue E the heated air issues by numerous small port-s into the chamber A2 and mixes at once with combustible gas issuing upward through ports F2 from a flue G2, receiving the gas through ports from a supply-flue H2. There are similar ports and tlues in connection with each chamber, as indicated by like referenceletters distinguished by different numerals, and there are also communications between the chambers at the upper parts ofthe division-walls, as and for the purposes described in my earlier specification, hereinbefore referred to.

According to my present invention, there are formed under the floor of each chamber or kiln two small gas-supply flues J, which are indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2 and which communicate with the chamber by a number of small jet-orifices K, which I term steaming-holes, as the ignited jets from them cause the moisture from the bricks or other articles in the chamber to be driven off in steam. The lower part of the right-hand end of Fig. lis delineated in section, as at the line L L in Fig. 2, and shows the connection of the small supplementary flues J by a cross-flue M with the larger gas-supplyiiue H4.

IOO

Adamper-slab N is provided for closing the opening between the flues M and H4, and is got at through an opening above, to cove-r which a slab P is provided. When gas is to be admitted to the supplementary flues J of any chamber, it is shut off by a damper or valve Q from the part of the flue H4 communicating with the iue G4 of that chamber.

I claim as my invention- In kilns for firing {ire-brick, earthenware, and the like, a series of firing-chambers having gas-supply iues and ports and dampers therefor, and fiues connecting adjacent chambers near the gas-ports to conduct air heated in one chamber into the next, in combination with additional gasp-fines J, and jet-orifices therefrom opening into the bottom of the chambers, said 'gas-fines .I connecting with the aforesaid gas-supply Hues and being provided with dampers, all substantially as described. i

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of tWo subscribing Witnesses.

JAMES DUNNACHIE. Witnesses:

DAVID FERGUSON, RICHARD BAXTER. 

